Amiodarone Production From Benzofuran

This report proffers the thorough economics of amiodarone production using benzofuran. It is a complex chemical reaction that involves the reaction of multiple compounds to form amiodarone. The process begins with the acylation of benzofuran with butyric acid anhydride in the presence of an acidic medium, i.e., phosphoric acid. It results in the formation of 2-butyroylbenzfuran. The reaction is further carried by the reduction of 2-butyroylbenzfuran with hydrazine hydrate that gives 2-butylbenzofurane as a product.

The product is further reacted with 4-methoxy benzoic acid chloride, leading to acetylation and yielding 2-butyl-3-(4-methoxy benzoyl) benzofuran, which further undergoes demethylation when reacted with pyridine hydrochloride. The reaction of the two compounds i.e., 2-butyl-3-(4-methoxy benzoyl) benzofuran and pyridine hydrochloride gives 2-butyl-3-(4-hydroxy-benzoyl)-benzofuran which is again iodized in the presence of potassium iodide and gives out 2-butyl-3-benzofuranyl-4-(2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl) ketone, as an intermediate. The intermediate is finally reacted with 2-diethylaminoethylchoride leading to the production of amiodarone as the final product.

Top Producers of Amiodarone

• Baxter
• Fresenius Kabi
• Mylan
• AuroMedics
• Hikma

Feedstocks for Amiodarone

Amiodarone is a pharmaceutical compound that is derived from benzofuran, that serves as its chief feedstock. The procurement of amiodarone, along with its raw materials, is majorly influenced by several factors that are mostly related to its market dynamics.

The prime factors including the availability of its raw material (including butyric acid anhydride, hydrazine hydrate, 4-methoxybenzoic acid chloride, pyridine hydrochloride, etc.), along with its production cost and market prices play a significant role in governing its procurement. Moreover, factors including its demand in the medical and pharmaceutical industries as an antiarrhythmic drug, its logistics, transportation, and trading activities, along with governmental policies determine its procurement in the global pharmaceutical market.

The project economic analysis provided in the report discusses a Germany-based plant:

• Manufacturing Process
  • Process Flow
  • Material Flow
  • Material Balance
• Raw Material and Product's Specifications
  • Raw Material Consumption
  • Product and Co-Product Generation
  • Capital Investment
• Land and Site Cost
  • Offsites/Civil Works
  • Equipment Cost
  • Auxiliary Equipment Cost
  • Contingency
  • Engineering and Consulting Charges
  • Working Capital
• Variable Cost
  • Raw Material
  • Utilities
• Fixed Cost
  • Labor Requirement & Wages
  • Overhead Expenses
  • Maintenance Charges
• Financing Costs
  • Interest on Working Capital
  • Interest on Loans
• Depreciation Charges
• General Sales and Admin Costs
• Production Cost Summary