Pyrazinamide Production Cost Reports

The report provides a detailed analysis essential for establishing a pyrazinamide production plant. It encompasses all critical aspects necessary for pyrazinamide production, including the cost of pyrazinamide production, pyrazinamide plant cost, pyrazinamide production costs, and the overall pyrazinamide production plant cost. Additionally, the study covers specific expenditures associated with setting up and operating a pyrazinamide production plant. These encompass production processes, raw material requirements, utility requirements, infrastructure needs, machinery and technology requirements, manpower requirements, packaging requirements, transportation requirements, and more.

Pyrazinamide is a first-line antitubercular drug that is used in combination with isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol to treat active tuberculosis (TB). It shortens the intensive phase of therapy to two months by effectively killing both actively replicating and semi-dormant tuberculosis bacteria. It works by converting to its active form, pyrazinoic acid, in the acidic environment inside macrophages or bacterial cells. It disrupts mycolic acid synthesis, essential for the mycobacterial cell wall, via inhibition of fatty acid synthase. It shows bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects depending on concentration and pH. It is also used as an antiuricosuric agent to aid the diagnosis of conditions like hypouricemia or hyperuricosuria.

The market for pyrazinamide is driven by growing tuberculosis (TB) cases. The rising demand in regions like Asia and Africa, because of the rise in cases in adult segments and efforts against drug-resistant strain fuels its market. The government TB programs, improved healthcare access in emerging economies, and cost-efficient production in India and China contribute to its demand. The bulk purchases via national programs and aid from the WHO, favouring affordable generics affects industrial pyrazinamide procurement. The raw material price volatility and regulatory quality standards, along with challenges from resistance risks necessitating combination therapies impacts its sourcing strategies.

Raw Material for Pyrazinamide Production

According to the pyrazinamide production plant project report, the key raw materials used in the production of pyrazinamide include pyrazine-2-carboxamide-3-carboxylic acid and nitrogen gas.

Production Process of Pyrazinamide

The extensive pyrazinamide production cost report consists of the following major industrial production process:

1. By the decarboxylation method: The production process of pyrazinamide involves thermal decarboxylation. In this method, pyrazine-2-carboxamide-3-carboxylic acid is heated up to 220 degree Celsius with nitrogen gas introduction. This causes melting, effervescence, and sublimation of pyrazinamide vapours that condense as a white sublimate. The temperature is then raised to 255 degree Celsius and gradually lowered to 190 degree Celsius to get high-purity pyrazinamide.

Pyrazinamide has the molecular formula of C5H5N3O with a molecular weight of 123.11 g/mol. It appears as a white crystalline powder or needles, with a melting point of 189–191 degree Celsius. It has a boiling point around 229 degree Celsius with a density of 1.326 g/cm³. It has a refractive index of 1.590 and a flash point greater than 110 degree Celsius. It shows water solubility of 15–50 mg/mL, and slight solubility in polar organic solvents. It is stable as a carbamate ester but incompatible with strong acids and bases, reducing agents like hydrides (risking H2 generation), oxidising acids, peroxides, or hydroperoxides.