Clove bud oil prices had a mixed but firm price movement in 2025 due to supply side constraints related to climate change and fluctuations in the prices of cloves. In the first half of the year, prices increased due to irregular rainfall patterns and weather changes in one of the largest suppliers of cloves to the world market - Indonesia.
The irregular weather changes negatively impacted the quality of cloves harvested during the period. The farmers experienced unpredictable weather during the harvesting period; heavy rains during harvesting negatively impacted the quality of cloves meant for oil extraction. In addition, many farmers abandoned their farms to seek alternative employment opportunities due to poor returns from their farms.
In the middle of the year, the market was unstable as supply was fluctuating. Climate change, including increased rainfall and temperature, impacted productivity and drying times, which impacted the quality of clove oil. Export issues, including decreased production in major producing countries, contributed to pressure on the market.
The demand for food, pharmaceutical, and fragrance use supported prices. The second half of the year saw prices stabilize, supported by improved supply, although decreased export performance and global oversupply in some countries capped price growth. The market was responsive to weather conditions and global production levels.