Asia
In Asia, corrugated box prices followed a largely bearish trajectory through 2025, shaped by persistent oversupply, weak export demand, and fluctuating recovered fibre and kraft paper costs. Q1 saw mild declines amid falling pulp costs and cautious procurement despite stable e-commerce demand. The downturn intensified in Q2 as significant capacity additions in China, coupled with weak exports to Southeast Asia, led to inventory accumulation and margin compression. Although brief supply tightening and restocking ahead of festivals supported prices in Q3, subdued export enquiries and high mill inventories continued to limit upside. In Q4, prices firmed temporarily due to higher OCC and winter energy surcharges, but softened again toward December as demand eased post-promotions and inventories rebuilt, with smooth domestic logistics and steady operating rates keeping supply ample.
Europe
In Europe, corrugated box prices remained volatile but generally firm during 2025, driven primarily by logistics disruptions and cost-side pressures. Q1 gains were supported by strong FMCG and e-commerce demand alongside operational bottlenecks at major ports such as Hamburg, where labour shortages and restrictions tightened supply. Q2 recorded a sharp surge as port congestion, rail constraints, and yard bottlenecks elevated freight and handling costs, prompting buyers to advance orders and sustain bullish sentiment. Although partial logistics normalization in Q3 reduced extreme tightness, continued port and terminal disruptions, coupled with higher kraft paper costs, maintained upward pressure. By Q4, prices stabilized as logistics improved and inventories normalized, while balanced demand from e-commerce offset weaker industrial export orders, keeping overall market conditions steady with limited volatility.
North America
In North America, corrugated box prices trended downward across 2025, pressured by weak demand, high inventories, and stable supply conditions. Q1 declines were linked to tariff-related uncertainty affecting pulp imports from Canada and Mexico, which disrupted trade flows and dampened procurement sentiment. The bearish trend deepened in Q2 and Q3 as declining export orders, particularly from Mexico, and softened kraft paper and recycled fibre costs reduced production cost support, while manufacturers maintained output, leading to oversupply. Elevated converter inventories and subdued buying from retail and industrial sectors further weakened spot pricing. In Q4, continued inventory overhang and steady mill operations, supported by improved OCC collection and stable energy costs, limited any upward movement, with converters offering discounts to clear stocks amid cautious year-end demand.