Benzisothiazolinone Manufacturing Plant Project Report 2025: Market by Region, Market by Application, Key Players, Pre-feasibility, Capital Investment Costs, Production Cost Analysis, Expenditure Projections, Return on Investment (ROI), Economic Feasibility, CAPEX, OPEX, Plant Machinery Cost

Benzisothiazolinone Manufacturing Plant Project Report 2025: Cost Analysis, ROI, and Feasibility Insights

Benzisothiazolinone Manufacturing Plant Project Report by Procurement Resource thoroughly focuses on every detail that encompasses the cost of manufacturing. Our extensive cost model meticulously covers breaking down Benzisothiazolinone plant capital cost around raw materials, labour, technology, and manufacturing expenses. This enables precise cost structure optimization and helps in identifying effective strategies to reduce the overall Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing plant cost and the cash cost of manufacturing.

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Benzisothiazolinone is a heterocyclic organic compound that is utilised as an antibiocide, preservative, and antimicrobial agent because of its high efficacy at low concentrations and excellent stability over a wide pH range. It finds its applications in paints and coatings, adhesives, cleaning products, personal care products, and water treatment.
 

Industrial Applications of Benzisothiazolinone

Benzisothiazolinone is used across various industrial sectors, driven by its powerful antimicrobial properties:

• Paints & Coatings:
  • In-can Preservative: It is used as a preservative for water-based paints, coatings, and plasters. It stops the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae, which prevents spoilage, foul odour generation, viscosity loss, gassing, phase separation, and discolouration during storage.
  • Film Preservative: It is used as a film preservative to protect dried paint films from microbial attack.
• Adhesives and Sealants: It is utilised for saving water-based adhesives, sealants, and caulks from microbial contamination and degradation during storage and use.
• Home Care and Industrial Cleaning Products: It is employed as a preservative in liquid detergents, fabric softeners, dishwashing liquids, and various surface cleaners to prevent microbial spoilage, maintain product integrity, and extend shelf life.
• Personal Care and Cosmetics: It is used in small concentrations as a preservative in shampoos, conditioners, lotions, creams, and other cosmetic formulations.
• Water Treatment: It is utilised as an effective microbiocide in industrial water treatment systems, like cooling towers, boilers, and pulp and paper processing, to control microbial growth, prevent biofouling, and reduce corrosion and system inefficiencies.
   

Top Industrial Manufacturers of Benzisothiazolinone (BIT)

The manufacturing of benzisothiazolinone is done by specialised biocide and fine chemical manufacturers:

• Arxada
• LANXESS AG
• Dow Chemical Company
• Thor Specialties Inc.
• Troy Corporation
• Lianyungang Hualun Chemical
   

Feedstock for Benzisothiazolinone (BIT)

The manufacturing of benzisothiazolinone is affected by the availability and price of its primary raw materials.

• Benzene-1,2-di(thioformamide): Its production involves reactions starting from benzene (a petrochemical) derivatives and sulfur compounds (e.g., carbon disulfide) and ammonia. The cost and availability of these feedstocks are influenced by the prices of their upstream petrochemical precursors (benzene, sulfur chemicals) and the complexity of their multi-step synthesis.
• Sodium Hydroxide: It is produced through the chlor-alkali process (electrolysis of brine), which also yields chlorine gas and hydrogen. The cost of sodium hydroxide is influenced by electricity prices (a major input for chlor-alkali electrolysis) and the global demand for its co-product, chlorine.
   

Market Drivers for Benzisothiazolinone (BIT)

The market for Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) is driven by its increasing global demand as an effective and safe antimicrobial solution across various industrial and consumer product sectors.

• Growing Demand for Preservatives in Water-Based Formulations: The expansion of water-based paints, coatings, adhesives, and sealants globally contributes to its market growth.
• Rising Consumer Awareness of Hygiene and Product Safety: The rise in global awareness regarding hygiene fuels its demand as an effective preservative.
• Strict Regulatory Standards for Biocides and Preservatives: Regulations regarding product safety, environmental impact, and consumer health (e.g., EU Biocidal Products Regulation, US EPA regulations) drive its adoption as an approved and well-characterised biocide.
• Growth in Industrial Water Treatment: The continuous need to control microbial growth in industrial water systems (like in cooling towers, pulp and paper mills, and metalworking fluids) to prevent biofouling, equipment damage, and system inefficiencies drives its demand.
   

Regional Market Drivers:

• Asia-Pacific: This region’s market is driven by rapid industrialisation and vast expansion in key manufacturing sectors, including paints & coatings, adhesives, personal care, and home care products.
• Europe: The European market is supported by mature paints & coatings, personal care, and home care industries, along with the strict EU Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR), which ensures that only approved and safe biocides like BIT are used.
• North America: This region holds a considerable market share driven by its well-established paints & coatings, adhesives, personal care, and home care product industries.
   

Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) for a Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) Manufacturing Facility

Building a Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) production facility needs initial investment, known as total capital expenditure (CAPEX), that affects the overall Benzisothiazolinone plant capital cost.

• Reaction Section Equipment:
  • Condensation/Cyclisation Reactors: Primary investment in robust, agitated, jacketed reactors, typically constructed from stainless steel or glass-lined steel, capable of handling the reaction of benzene-1,2-di(thioformamide) with sodium hydroxide solution. These reactors require precise heating/cooling systems (e.g., steam, thermal fluid, chilled water) for temperature control and managing exothermic reactions. They often need inert gas blanketing (e.g., nitrogen) to prevent unwanted side reactions or oxidation.
  • Alternative Cyclisation Reactors: If alternative routes (e.g., cyclisation of 2-halogenothiobenzamide) are used, reactors designed for specific acid or base-catalysed cyclisations, potentially with specialised corrosion resistance.
• Raw Material Storage & Feeding Systems:
  • Benzene-1,2-di(thioformamide) Storage: Dedicated, sealed storage for this speciality solid or liquid intermediate, with appropriate feeders/pumps for precise dosing into the reactor.
  • Sodium Hydroxide Storage: Corrosion-resistant bulk storage tanks for sodium hydroxide solution (e.g., FRP, lined carbon steel), with precision metering pumps for controlled addition to maintain specific alkaline conditions.
  • Alternative Precursor Storage: Specialised storage for corrosive or sensitive halogenated organic intermediates (e.g., 2-halogenothiobenzamide, 2-halogenothiobenzoyl halide) and primary amines, with appropriate safety measures and dosing systems.
• Product Separation & Purification:
  • Quenching/Neutralisation Tanks: Vessels for cooling and neutralising the reaction mixture post-reaction, ensuring safe handling before downstream processing.
  • Liquid-Liquid Separators/Decanters: For efficiently separating the organic BIT phase from aqueous phases after reaction and washing steps.
  • Crystallizers (if solid BIT): Specialised crystallizers (e.g., cooling crystallizers) to precipitate high-purity BIT from solvent solutions or aqueous solutions. These require precise temperature control for controlled crystal growth and high purity.
  • Filtration Units: Industrial filter presses (e.g., automatic membrane filter presses) or centrifuges for efficiently separating the solid BIT powder from the mother liquor. These are typically constructed from corrosion-resistant materials.
  • Washing Systems: Dedicated agitated tanks and pumps for thoroughly washing the filtered BIT cake with purified water or a suitable solvent to remove residual impurities and salts, ensuring high purity for the final product.
  • Drying Equipment: Specialised industrial dryers (e.g., vacuum tray dryers, fluid bed dryers) for gently removing residual solvent and moisture from the purified BIT powder/crystals, preserving its stability and preventing thermal degradation.
• Formulation & Packaging (for liquid solutions - common commercial form):
  • Suppose BIT is primarily sold as an aqueous solution, specialised blending tanks are used for diluting the pure BIT with deionised water and other additives (e.g., stabilisers, pH adjusters, anti-freeze agents). Automated filling lines for drums, IBCs, or smaller containers with precise volumetric or gravimetric filling.
• Solvent Recovery & Recycling System (if organic solvents are used):
  • If organic solvents are used in any step (e.g., for reaction medium, washing, recrystallisation), an extensive system for their recovery and recycling (including distillation columns, condensers, and solvent storage tanks) is vital to minimise solvent losses, reduce environmental impact, and significantly lower operational costs.
• Off-Gas Treatment & Scrubber Systems:
  • Critical for environmental compliance and safety. This involves robust, multi-stage wet scrubbers (e.g., caustic scrubbers for acidic fumes like H2S, SOx, HCl from halogenated precursors; acidic scrubbers for amine fumes if any, or for other volatile organic compounds from reaction) to capture and neutralise various hazardous gaseous emissions released during reaction, purification, and drying steps. Odour abatement is crucial for any sulfur-containing byproducts.
• Pumps & Piping Networks:
  • Extensive networks of robust, chemical-resistant pumps (e.g., diaphragm pumps, magnetically driven pumps to prevent leaks) and piping (e.g., stainless steel, glass-lined, PTFE-lined) suitable for safely transferring various reactive, corrosive, and potentially odorous raw materials, intermediates, and products throughout the process.
• Product Storage & Packaging:
  • Sealed, cool, and dry storage facilities for solid BIT powder (e.g., silos, warehouses). For liquid BIT solutions, appropriate storage tanks (e.g., stainless steel or plastic-lined tanks) that are protected from freezing and extreme heat are required. Automated packaging lines for various product forms.
• Utilities & Support Infrastructure:
  • Steam generation (boilers) for heating reactors and dryers. Robust cooling water systems (with chillers/cooling towers) for reaction temperature control, condensation, and crystallisation. Compressed air systems and nitrogen generation/storage for inerting atmospheres. Reliable electrical power distribution and backup systems are essential for continuous operation.
• Instrumentation & Process Control:
  • A sophisticated Distributed Control System (DCS) or advanced PLC system with Human-Machine Interface (HMI) for automated monitoring and precise control of all critical process parameters (temperature, pH, reactant flow rates, reaction time, crystallisation profiles, drying parameters). Includes numerous sensors, online analysers (e.g., for concentration, purity), and control valves to ensure optimal reaction conditions and consistent product quality.
• Safety & Emergency Systems:
  • Comprehensive leak detection systems, emergency shutdown (ESD) systems, fire detection and suppression systems, emergency showers/eyewash stations, and extensive personal protective equipment (PPE) for all personnel, including respiratory protection. Secondary containment for all liquid chemical storage.
• Laboratory & Quality Control Equipment:
  • A fully equipped analytical laboratory with advanced instruments such as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for precise purity and impurity analysis, Gas Chromatography (GC) for residual solvents, titration equipment for active ingredient content, and UV-Vis spectrophotometers for concentration. Rigorous testing for broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy (e.g., MIC tests) is also critical.
• Civil Works & Buildings:
  • Costs associated with land acquisition, site preparation, foundations, and construction of specialised reactor buildings, purification sections, raw material storage facilities, product warehousing, administrative offices, and utility buildings.
     

Operational Expenditures (OPEX) for a Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) Manufacturing Facility

The ongoing costs of running a Benzisothiazolinone include manufacturing expenses that are important for knowing profitability and determining the cost per metric ton (USD/MT) of the final product. It covers both variable and fixed cost elements:

• Raw Material Costs (Highly Variable): This is typically the largest component. It includes the purchase price of benzene-1,2-di(thioformamide) (or alternative intermediates like 2-halogenothiobenzamide), and sodium hydroxide. Fluctuations in the global markets for petrochemicals (impacting benzene derivatives) and electricity/salt (impacting NaOH) directly and significantly impact this cost component. Efficient raw material utilisation and process yield optimisation are critical for controlling the should cost of production.
• Utilities Costs (Variable): Significant variable costs include electricity consumption for agitation, pumps, filters, dryers, and control systems. Energy for heating (e.g., reaction, drying) and cooling (e.g., reaction temperature control, crystallisation) also contribute substantially. The energy demand for maintaining precise temperature profiles is notable.
• Labour Costs (Semi-Variable): Wages, salaries, and benefits for the entire plant workforce, including highly trained process operators (often working in shifts), chemical engineers, maintenance technicians, and specialised quality control personnel. Due to the complex organic synthesis, handling of potentially corrosive or odorous chemicals, and the need for stringent quality control, specialised training and adherence to strict safety protocols contribute to higher labour costs.
• Maintenance & Repair Costs (Fixed/Semi-Variable): Ongoing expenses for routine preventative and predictive maintenance programs, calibration of sophisticated instruments, and proactive replacement of consumable parts (e.g., pump seals, valve packings, reactor linings, filter media). Maintaining corrosion-resistant equipment can lead to higher repair and replacement costs over time.
• Chemical Consumables (Variable): Costs for make-up catalysts (if any auxiliary beyond NaOH in the cyclisation), pH adjustment chemicals, water treatment chemicals, and specialised laboratory reagents and supplies for ongoing process and quality control.
• Waste Treatment & Disposal Costs (Variable): These can be significant expenses due to the generation of aqueous wastewater (e.g., from washes, containing salts, residual organics), and potentially gaseous emissions (e.g., VOCs, trace sulfur compounds, amine fumes if alternative routes used) from reaction and purification steps. Compliance with stringent environmental regulations for treating and safely disposing of these wastes (e.g., advanced wastewater treatment, hazardous waste disposal, odour abatement) requires substantial ongoing expense and can be a major operational challenge.
• Depreciation & Amortisation (Fixed): These are non-cash expenses that systematically allocate the initial capital investment (CAPEX) over the estimated useful life of the plant's assets. Given the specialised equipment for fine chemical synthesis and potentially complex waste treatment, depreciation can be a significant fixed cost, impacting the total production cost and profitability for economic feasibility analysis.
• Quality Control & Regulatory Compliance Costs (Fixed/Semi-Variable): Significantly higher for biocide and personal care applications. Includes expenses for extensive analytical testing, validation, documentation, and personnel dedicated to ensuring compliance with relevant biocide regulations (e.g., EU Biocidal Products Regulation), quality assurance, and traceability. This is a critical investment to ensure the product meets stringent international standards.
• Administrative & Overhead (Fixed): General business expenses, including plant administration salaries, comprehensive insurance premiums, property taxes, and ongoing regulatory compliance fees.
• Interest on Working Capital (Variable): The cost of financing the day-to-day operations, including managing raw material inventory (especially high-value intermediates) and in-process materials, impacts the overall cost model.
   

Manufacturing Process

This report consists of detailed aspects of Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) manufacturing and covers a deep production cost analysis around industrial production of Benzisothiazolinone (BIT).
 

Production from Benzene-1,2-di(thioformamide) and Sodium Hydroxide:

The industrial production of benzisothiazolinone involves heating benzene-1,2-di(thioformamide) with sodium hydroxide solution. This reaction leads to an intramolecular cyclisation by eliminating hydrogen sulfide and water to form the benzisothiazolinone ring. The process takes place under controlled conditions like temperature, pH, and time. After the reaction, the crude product is cooled to precipitate, then filtered, washed, and dried to get pure benzisothiazolinone.
 

Properties of Benzisothiazolinone

Benzisothiazolinone is a heterocyclic organic compound that appears as an off-white to yellowish powder or as a clear, colourless to pale yellow aqueous solution. The following are its physical and chemical properties.
 

Physical Properties:

• Molecular Formula: C7H5NOS
• Molar Mass: 151.18 g/mol
• Appearance: Off-white to yellowish powder; also in pale yellow aqueous solutions
• Melting Point: ~154–158 degree Celsius 
• Boiling Point: ~204.5  degree Celsius
• Density: ~1.367 g/cm³
• Flash Point: ~77.5 degree Celsius (Closed Cup)
• Odour: Faint sulfurous/mild chemical odour
• Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water; soluble in alcohols, glycols
• pH (aqueous solution): Slightly alkaline (pH 8–10); pure compound is weakly acidic
   

Chemical Properties:

• Reactivity: Acts as an electrophilic biocide; targets –SH groups in microbial enzymes
• Stability: Stable between pH 4–10 and at moderate temperatures; UV-sensitive over long exposures
• Antimicrobial Action: Broad-spectrum biocidal activity (bacteria, fungi, some algae); MIC ~30 ppm for E. coli, S. aureus
• Environmental Profile: Biodegradable; potential contact allergen under regulatory scrutiny
• Odour: Faint sulfurous or mild chemical odour
   

Benzisothiazolinone Manufacturing Plant Report provides you with a detailed assessment of capital investment costs (CAPEX) and operational expenses (OPEX), generally measured as cost per metric ton (USD/MT). This approach ensures that your investment decisions are aligned with the latest industry standards and economic feasibility metrics, enhancing your manufacturing efficiency and financial planning.

Apart from that, this Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing plant report also covers the leading technology providers that help you plan a robust plan of action related to Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing plant and its production process(es), and also by helping you with an in-depth supplier database. This report provides exclusive insights into the best manufacturing practices for Benzisothiazolinone and technology implementation costs. This report also covers operational cash flow, fixed and variable costs, and detailed break-even point analysis, ensuring that your manufacturing process is not only efficient but also economically viable in the competitive market landscape.

In addition to operational insights, the Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing plant report also comprehensively focuses on lifecycle cost analysis, maintenance costs, and energy consumption costs, which are critical for maintaining long-term sustainability and profitability. Our manufacturing cost analysis extends to include regulatory compliance costs, inventory holding costs, and logistics and distribution costs, providing a holistic view of the potential expenses and savings.

We at Procurement Resource ensure that this report is not only cost-efficient, environmentally sustainable, and aligned with the latest technological advancements but also that you are equipped with all necessary tools to optimize supply chain operations, manage risks effectively, and achieve superior market positioning for Benzisothiazolinone.
 

Key Insights and Report Highlights

Key Questions Covered in our Benzisothiazolinone Manufacturing Plant Report

• How can the cost of producing Benzisothiazolinone be minimized, cash costs reduced, and manufacturing expenses managed efficiently to maximize overall efficiency?
• What is the estimated Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing plant cost?
• What are the initial investment and capital expenditure requirements for setting up a Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing plant, and how do these investments affect economic feasibility and ROI?
• How do we select and integrate technology providers to optimize the production process of Benzisothiazolinone, and what are the associated implementation costs?
• How can operational cash flow be managed, and what strategies are recommended to balance fixed and variable costs during the operational phase of Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing?
• How do market price fluctuations impact the profitability and cost per metric ton (USD/MT) for Benzisothiazolinone, and what pricing strategy adjustments are necessary?
• What are the lifecycle costs and break-even points for Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing, and which production efficiency metrics are critical for success?
• What strategies are in place to optimize the supply chain and manage inventory, ensuring regulatory compliance and minimizing energy consumption costs?
• How can labor efficiency be optimized, and what measures are in place to enhance quality control and minimize material waste?
• What are the logistics and distribution costs, what financial and environmental risks are associated with entering new markets, and how can these be mitigated?
• What are the costs and benefits associated with technology upgrades, modernization, and protecting intellectual property in Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing?
• What types of insurance are required, and what are the comprehensive risk mitigation costs for Benzisothiazolinone manufacturing?